Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that becomes increasingly common with age. Studies show that more than 50% of men over the age of 50 experience some degree of prostate enlargement, and the prevalence rises sharply with advancing age. For a comprehensive overview of the condition, its symptoms, and diagnosis, visit our dedicated page on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.
The exact cause of BPH is not fully understood, but several factors are known to play a role. Hormonal changes, especially an increase in dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels within the prostate, contribute to tissue growth. Genetic predisposition also plays a role, as men with a family history of BPH are more likely to develop the condition. Metabolic factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome, have also been linked to an increased risk of developing BPH. These factors may promote low-grade inflammation, further stimulating prostate growth.
Treatment options for BPH vary depending on the severity of symptoms and their impact on quality of life. In mild cases, a watchful waiting approach with lifestyle adjustments may be sufficient. For moderate to severe cases, medications such as alpha-blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors are commonly used. Minimally Invasive Surgical Therapies (MISTs) are a modern category of treatments designed to relieve symptoms with reduced recovery time and fewer complications compared to traditional surgery. Among the most advanced options is the Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP), which offers the significant advantage of virtually eliminating recurrence, as it removes the entire adenoma rather than just resecting part of it.
Collaborated by Dr. Pedro Bastos – Urologist, Juiz de Fora drpedrobastosurologista.com.br
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